[5], The word "Bappa" means "father", and Rawal is a royal title. Not many know but this city was named after Bappa Rawal, the founder of Rawalpindi. Although a surviving member of the Guhilot clan, Prince Kalbhoj (his actual name) who came from Atri clan did not continue the family name of seven generations when he came to the throne; instead, he established the Mewar Dynasty, naming it for the kingdom he had just taken. [11], Shyam Manohar Mishra of Lucknow University theorized that Bappa Rawal was originally a vassal of the Mori ruler Manuraja. Download Full PDF Package. Mahendra was succeeded by Kalabhoja, who has been identified as Bappa Rawal by … A short summary of this paper. Bappa Rawal (born Prince Kalbhoj, c. 713-810), eighth ruler of the Guhilot Rajput Dynasty and founder of the Mewar Dynasty (r. 734-753) in present-day Rajasthan, India . At the same time Ajay Singh continued his struggle against the Delhi Sultanate through Guerilla warfare. He was brought up by a Brahmin lady of Nagda, who employed him as a caretaker of cows. Thus he not only defended India's frontiers but for a brief period was able to expand them. He also made them vassals of his kingdom. Gaurav Khanna. Bappa Rawal was the 8th century brave ruler of the Mewar region in Rajasthan, India. Back to list of Famous Rajput Personalities. His father, Rawal Mahendra II had married a woman of the Paramara Rajput clan, from Mt. [20], Arthur L. Friedberg & Ira S. Friedberg 2017, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bappa_Rawal&oldid=1019014928, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Shri Bappa Rawal Temple is dedicated to Bappa Rawal is in Mathatha, Rajasthan located close to the, This page was last edited on 21 April 2021, at 02:22. As a result, the State was governed on the principles of Custodianship. In the 8th century Arab Muslims started attacking India within a few decades of the birth of Islam, which was basically an extension of invasion of Persia. He then marched on to Ghazni and defeated the local ruler Salim and after nominating a representative returned to Chittor. Rana Hammir Singh Sisodia, who was the descendant of Bappa Rawal was raised by Ajay Singh who trained him in Rajputs style of warfare. [6], According to some legends, Bappa Rawal captured Chitrakuta (Chittor Fort) either from the mlechchhas or the Moris. [10], Scholars such as R. C. Majumdar and R. V. Somani theorize that the Arab invaders defeated the former rulers of Chittor, and Bappa Rawal gained control of Chittor after repulsing the Arab invaders. . He then marched on to Ghazni and defeated the local ruler Salim and after nominating a representative returned to Chittor. Their post-13th century records and the subsequent bardic legends name the dynasty's founder as Bappa Rawal, who is not mentioned in the Atpur inscription. According to Majumdar, the Moris (Mauryas) were ruling at Chittor when the Arabs (mlechchhas) invaded north-western India around 725 CE. After Raja Mori named Bappa Rawal, his successor crowned him as the king of Chittor Bappa Rawal, and his armies invaded many kingdoms, including Kandahar, Turan, Iran, Khorasan, etc. The other side of the coin features an enthroned ruler with attendants on his sides, with the legend "Shri Voppa" below. It is known that Bappa Rawal was a great devotee of Eklinga. Dividing this force into two he plundered several cities in southern Rajasthan, … Abu or Chandravati, both Paramara centres at that time. After Raja Mori named Bappa Rawal his successor and coronated him King of Chittor, Bappa Rawal and his armies invaded various kingdoms including Kandahar, Khorasan, Turan, Ispahan, Iran and made them vassals of his kingdom. After Raja Mori named Bappa Rawal his successor and crowned him King of Chittor. current day Baluchistan). [18], One gold coin features a haloed Rama holding bow and arrow, with by a bull to his left, and an elephant to his right. The Sisodia-Rathore and original Guhilot often quarreled over … The man has features with large pierced ears, and the holes are exaggerated. Bappa Rawal was one of the most powerful and famous rulers of the Mewar Dynasty. After Raja Mori named Bappa Rawal his successor and crowned him King of Chittor, Bappa Rawal and his armies invaded various kingdoms including Kandahar, Khorasan, Turan, Ispahan, Iran and made them vassals of his kingdom. One afternoon, in a game of his own devising, he 'married' several of the young girls, which ended with his having to flee Nagda to a hide-out in the hills to escape the maidens' irate parents. D. R. Bhandarkar and G. H. Ojha believed this to be an authentic date. Opera. [19], The 1925 Indian silent Mewadpati Bappa Rawal portrayed Rawal's life on screen. What can be more unfortunate that unparalleled valour and courage of Bappa Rawal is not glorified in history text books. He was called the father as he never should ego as a king but looked after his people like a … Therefore, he could only obtain immunity from weapons instead of immortality. [16], One gold coin bears the legend "Shri Voppa", and features Shavite icons: a trishula (trident), a linga, and a bull. Pashupata names commonly ended in Rashi (IAST: Rāśi), and thus, Harit Rashi was likely a Pashupata sage. The ancient tradition of Indian rulers to use matrimonial alliances to cement the alliances with various tributaries often resulted into the succession fights among their progenies. Bappa Rawal of Hindu Kingdom of Mewar; Background: By the end of 7th century A.D Islam had become a powerful religion and arabs a power force. [6], According to the Atpur and Kadmal inscriptions, the Guhila ruler Mahendra was succeeded by Kalabhoja. [6] However, R. V. Somani disputes this identification, arguing that this inscription contains several errors, including naming Bappa Rawal as the father of Guhadatta (who was the dynasty's founder according to some other inscriptions). Rana Sanga was his worthy successor. Bappa Rawal, also spelled as “Bappa Raval”, (c. 8th century) was a ruler of the Mewar region in Rajasthan, India. He was a member of the Guhila (Gahlot) clan of Rajputs, and the founder of his dynasty. One day, he met the sage Harit Rashi. It is said that Bappa was blessed by Harit Rishi, a sage of the Mewar region, with kingship. [11] Somani also speculates that Bappa Rawal might have fought on the Pratihara side in their defence against the Rashtrakuta invasions. publish date :- 21 april 2017rajsthan ka aisa yodha jisne arbon ko aisi dhool chatai ki wo dobara 400 salo tak bharat ki or nhi dekh paye [13], Some other historians doubt the historicity of Bappa's conquest of Chittor, arguing that the Guhilas did not control Chittor before the reign of Kalabhoja's descendant Allata. Different historians have identified him with various rulers of the Guhila dynasty, including Kalabhoja, Shiladitya, and Khumana. Chrome Bappa Rawal, also spelled as "Bappa Raval", (c. 8th century) was a ruler of the Mewar (Medapata) region in Rajasthan, India. Great warriors like Rana Sanga, (Rana Sangram Singh), Maharana Pratap and Rana Uday Singh are all Bappa Rawal’s descendants. Although a surviving member of the Guhilot clan, Prince Kalbhoj (his actual name) who came from Atri clan did not continue the family name of seven generations when he came to the throne; instead, he established the Mewar Dynasty, naming it for the kingdom he had just taken. Among these were Yasodharman of Malwa, the Maitrakas of Vallabhi,… current day Baluchistan). Hindu Vengeance: Killing of Emir Junaid, the successor of Bin Qasim by gurjars and Maharaja Bappa Rawal. [3], Indologist David Gordon White notes that there is a similar legend involving the sage Gorakhnath and the Gorkha king Prithvi Narayan Shah. Some accounts say that Qasim attacked Chittor, which was ruled by Mori Rajputs. In the 8th century A.D., Bappa Rawal drove out the invaders from Rajasthan and united its several small kingdoms into one. [1], The Ekalinga Mahatmya and other bardic chronicles state that Bappa's father Nagaditya and all other male members of his family were killed in a battle with the Bhils of Idar. [14], Art historian Hermann Goetz speculated that Bappa Rawal served the Kashmiri king Lalitaditya as a vassal, and died fighting in the latter's Central Asian campaigns. After the death of Ajay Singh in 1320 AD, Hammir Singh became the ruler of Mewar. According to the Ekalinga Mahatmya, Bappa Rawal established the Mewar Kingdom in 728 CE,[1] and abdicated the throne in 753 CE. [9], Some other historians, such as D. R. Bhandarkar, identified Bappa Rawal with Kalabhoja's son Khumana, based on the calculation of average reign of the Guhila rulers. That made their kingdom weak, split and divided. Gaurav Khanna. [2] The sage agreed to initiate him into a Shaivite order, and to grant him immortality and supernatural powers. [19], Another gold coin features the legend "Shri Vopparaja", with the images of a bull, a trident, a linga, and an attendant. In order to ward off Muslim invasions across the western and northern borders of Rajputana, Bappa united the smaller states of Ajmer and Jaisalmer to stop the attacks. As with most high-spirited princes, there are several legends from Bappa's early years as a youth in the wild Vindhya Range. Editor IJIRMF. The Hindu Shahi Dynasty of Kabul. According to the 15th century text Ekalinga Mahatmya (also called Ekalinga Purana), Bappa was the ninth descendant of the Guhila dynasty's founder Guhadatta. His assault on Arab brought him in the line of Great Warrior king Vidramaditya, Lalitaditya and Bappa Rawal, whose political territory went beyond the Afghan. Bappa defeated and pursued Bin Qasim through Saurashtra and back to the western banks of the Sindhu (i.e. Bappa Rawal, (8th century) was a celebrated King of Mewar region in Rajasthan. [4], The exact period of Bappa Rawal is not certain. Several historians, such as G. H. Ojha, have identified Bappa Rawal as Kalabhoja, because the 977 CE Atpur inscription mentions Khumana as a son of Kalabhoja, and the 1404 CE Uparaganva (Dungarpur) inscription of Maharawal Pata names Khumana as the son of Bappa Rawal. When Bappa reached the initiation site, he saw the sage ascending to the sky. [1], According to legends the rishi also encouraged Bappa to build renowned Eklingji Temple at Nagda, which has been family deity of rulers of Mewar ever since. He probably led the Mori campaign against the Arabs, which made him more famous than his overlord. Bappa Rawal and his armies invaded various kingdoms including Kandahar, Khorasan, Turan, Ispahan, Iran. [10] The Arabs defeated the Moris, and in turn, were defeated by a confederacy that included Bappa Rawal. Bappa Rawal fought and defeated the Arabs in the country and turned the tide for a while. Later, he either deposed Manuraja, or became the king after Manuraja died childless. Bappa Rawal had total of ninety-eight children and were called Agnivansh-Suryavansi. Ranawat says, “Bappa Rawal’s successor Rawal Khumaan I (रावल खुमाण, 753-773 AD) successfully repulsed numerous Arab attacks on the western frontier of Greater India. Bappa defeated and pursued Bin Qasim through Saurashtra and back to the western banks of the Sindhu (i.e. He then marched on to Ghazni and defeated the local ruler Salim and after nominating a representative returned to Chittor. The 1460 CE Kumbhalgarh inscription names Bappa as the successor of Nāga, and predecessor of Aparājita. Same was repeated by the Rawal Khumaan-II (828-853), the successor of Rawal Khumaan-I. Early in the 16th century, when a vast area of India was under the domination of foreign rulers, he made a valiant attempt to defeat them. R. V. Somani endorses this identification, but cautions that the evidence is not conclusive: Bappa Rawal may have been a different ruler who belonged to another branch of the Guhilas. Bappa Rawal is said to have spent his childhood near a place called Nagda. After Raja Mori named Bappa Rawal his successor and crowned him King of Chittor, Bappa Rawal and his armies invaded various kingdoms including Kandahar, Khorasan, Turan, Ispahan, Iran and made them vassals of his kingdom. The valor and legend of Bappa Rawal the King of Mewar reveals the true history. Bappa Rawal remained true to the promise he had given his Guru. This indefatigable fighter carried eight battle-scars on his body and had lost one arm and one eye. There are many who either know or don't know the meaning of the greeting Khamma Ghani. According to legends, he captured the Chitrakuta (Chittor) fort, either from the mlechchhas (identified by modern historians with the Arabs) or the Moris. Khamma Ghani Greeting comprising of Two words but with a historical significance. This email address will not be stored or shared on this website. However, the 977 CE Atpur inscription and the 1083 CE Kadmal inscription do not mention him. These accounts state that Bappa Rawal consolidated his rule with the blessings of the Pashupata sage Haritarashi. Below these is the image of a man in prostrate position. The 11th century writer Al-Biruni has also recorded a similar legend involving the alchemist Vyadi and the king Vikramaditya. For corrections, additions or comments, please submit a request through contact page. [2], Bappa Rawal is mentioned in some inscriptions that provide genealogical lists of the Guhila dynasty, but other inscriptions containing such lists do not mention him. According to Indoligst David Gordon White, this may be a representation of Bappa's initiation into a Shaivite sect, as ear piercing has been associated with the Nath Siddhas (a Shaivite sect), who were custodians of the Eklingji shrine before the 16th century. After Raja Mori named Bappa Rawal his successor and crowned him King of Chittor, Bappa Rawal and his armies invaded various kingdoms including Kandahar, Khorasan, Turan, Ispahan, Iran and made them vassals of his kingdom. Moreover, "Rawal" (from Sanskrit rāja-kula, "royal lineage") was the name of a clan among the Pashupatas in the 8th century: in the 13th century, this clan was absorbed into the Nath sect. His story is as fascinating as any other royalty of his time. With the break-up of the Gupta Empire (550 CE), northern India was covered with warring states, which attempted to wrest the imperial position left vacant by the Guptas. Bappa Rawal was one of the most powerful and famous rulers of the Mewar Dynasty. Bin Qasim was able to defeat Dahir in Sindh but was stopped by Bappa Rawal. He then marched on to Ghazni and defeated the local ruler Salim and after nominating a representative returned to Chittor. The text credits him with establishing the Mewar Kingdom in 728 CE, and with building the Eklingji temple. The exact period of Bappa Rawal is not certain. For example, he is mentioned in the 959 CE Unawas inscription and the 971 CE Ekling inscription. The other side features a cow with a suckling calf. She was also the sister of Maan Mori, the Paramara king who ruled much of the State of Mewar. With this power, he defeated his father's killers, and established the Mewar Kingdom. Bappa hesitated in disgust, because of which the sage's spit fell on his foot. Firefox However, the identification of Voppa or Vopparaja with Bappa Rawal is disputed. Most of the information above is courtesy of Wikipedia. These coins have been alternatively attributed to the king Vappuka of Surasena dynasty, who is mentioned in a 955 CE (1012 VS) inscription from Bayana. Editor IJIRMF. This included Guhilot clan land, which Paramara invaders from Malwa had annexed a century or so earlier, and set up their capital in the ancient fortress of Chittorgarh. The bardic chronicles describe him as a member of the Guhila (Gahlot) Clan (and thus an ancestor of the Sisodia Rajput dynasty), and some of these consider him as the founder of the Guhila dynasty. [1][2] He remained in disguise, accompanied by his two loyal Bhil attendants. Therefore, scholars such as C. V. Vaidya, D. R. Bhandarkar, G. H. Ojha, and Kaviraj Shyamaldas believe that "Bappa Rawal" is not a proper noun. [10] R. V. Somani theorized that Bappa was a part of the anti-Arab confederacy formed by the Pratihara ruler Nagabhata I. Bappa Rawal (born Prince Kalbhoj, c. 713-810), eighth ruler of the Guhilot Rajput Dynasty and founder of the Mewar Dynasty (r. 734-753) in present-day Rajasthan, India. Muhammad ibn Qasim captured Iran & Afghanistan. Based on this evidence, Dasharatha Sharma and D. C. Sircar have identified Bappa Rawal with Shiladitya. Thus he not only defended India’s … He went on to become a celebrated hero on battlefields near and far, yet his fascinating life is full of enigmas, and many were the legends created about him. Bappa Rawal's Management as Ruler of Mewad in the History of Rajasthan Bappa Rawal's Management as Ruler of Mewad in the History of Rajasthan.